Common Names: Baking Soda
Function: Deodorizer, pH buffer, mild cleaning agent
EWG Rating: 1 (Lowest Concern)
What It Is
Sodium bicarbonate is a naturally occurring mineral compound composed of sodium, hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen. It is widely known as baking soda and has a long history of safe use in food, personal care, and cleaning products.
In powdered laundry formulas, it acts as a versatile, multi-purpose support ingredient.
What It Does in Laundry
Sodium bicarbonate contributes to effective laundry cleaning by:
- Neutralizing odors: Buffers and neutralizes acidic and basic odor molecules.
- Balancing pH: Helps maintain a mild alkaline environment in the wash water.
- Supporting stain removal: Slightly abrasive properties can assist in lifting dirt and grime.
While not a primary cleaner on its own, it enhances the overall performance of surfactants and enzymes.
Safety and Environmental Profile
- Biodegradability: Inorganic; does not biodegrade but breaks down naturally in the environment.
- Human safety: Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by FDA. Low potential for irritation; commonly used in oral and personal care.
- Environmental impact: Low. Does not bioaccumulate and is non-toxic to aquatic life.
Source and Production
Sodium bicarbonate is typically produced from naturally occurring trona ore, a mineral rich in sodium compounds. The manufacturing process involves extracting and refining the trona using heat and water-based separation—no petrochemical inputs or hazardous byproducts are involved. The result is a chemically stable, non-toxic compound with a low environmental impact. Its simplicity of production and natural origin contribute to its widespread use in food, personal care, and cleaning applications.
This profile is part of Orchard’s Ingredient Glossary, written to provide information on every component we use.